人工智能系统在证实鉴定错误中的应用：科学综述

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详细

文章重点介绍了应用人工智能系统分析和纠正法医鉴定错误的潜力和困难。文章的重要性在于，对法医学鉴定评估准确性的不断提高的严格要求，以及最大限度地减少可能导致错误裁定失误的必要性。机器学习、神经网络和深度学习算法等技术的发展为提高鉴定活动的质量提供了新的可能。

在科学综述的框架下，进行了SWOT分析，旨在评估在法医鉴定实践中使用人工智能的优、劣势，以及潜在的前景和风险。分析表明，人工智能技术的主要优势在于高准确性、稳定性、快速性，且可以识别数据中复杂的形态。然而，也有相当大的限制，例如需要优质的训练数据集、财务成本，以及人工智能解决方案的解读能力问题。已发现的风险涉及道德问题、信息安全和法律障碍。

本综述分析使用人工智能识别和纠正法医错误的现有方法，重点强调了能够改进损伤机制诊断、确定死亡原因和识别鉴定意见中不一致的先进方法。本文给出了人工智能技术在法医实践中实际应用的例子，并介绍了它们进一步整合的前景。分析结果表明，人工智能在提高法医鉴定的准确性和可靠性方面具有巨大潜力。

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作者简介

Aigerim K. Bakenova

Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: alesina93@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-7813-9175
SPIN 代码: 7972-1858
哈萨克斯坦, 33а Abay ave, Astana, 010000

Yernar N. Begaliyev

Academy of Law Enforcement Agencies under the General Prosecutors Office of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Email: ernar-begaliev@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6659-8576
SPIN 代码: 1929-3392

Dr. Sci. (Legal), Professor

哈萨克斯坦, Koshy

Anna A. Aubakirova

St. Petersburg University of Humanities and Social Sciences

Email: anna_lir@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6547-0869
SPIN 代码: 3074-7383

Dr. Sci. (Legal), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Dmitry V. Bakhteev

Ural State Law University named after V.F. Yakovlev

Email: dmitry.bakhteev@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0869-601X
SPIN 代码: 8301-7165

Dr. Sci. (Legal), Associate Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Ekaterinburg

Larissa K. Kussainova

Karaganda University named on E.A. Buketov

Email: klarisa_777@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8208-6623
SPIN 代码: 5926-1900
Scopus 作者 ID: 57964019600
Researcher ID: rid66058

Cand. Sci. (Legal), Associate Professor

哈萨克斯坦, Karaganda

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