卷 3, 编号 1 (2017)

The paper provides an overview of the organization and the nature of the complex examinations in connection with the unfavourable outcome of care. This highlights the complexity arising from the formation of the commissions, financing, procedural provisions, relationship with the «independent» experts. The ways of resolving contradictions, real ways to improve expert activity.

The article deals with the forensic component of the proving in the juridical process the objective part of the crime which possibility can be realized by the method of shooting from close distance by the deactivated firearm charged with light-audible cartridges. The legal distribution and free sale of that kind of arms can’t exclude the possibility of the formation of such criminal casus. The experimental modeling of the head traumas has been performed by the means of series of shots from that kind of a gun with regard to legal restriction. Whereby the object of the shots’ recipient had the recommended in the forensic examination combine features. The proving findings of the forensic valuation of the mechanics of the origin and morphology of the modeling traumas have been pointed out. The shot of the light-audible cartridge may cause grievous traumas.

Article is devoted questions of definition of the competence of the forensic expert conducting identification and diagnostic researches of images of the person on pictures, video recordings and other data carriers on appearance. Problems of person identification under images of hands, feet, a head and other parts of body in the absence of possibility of research of the face are considered.

For judicial and stomatologic identification of the person according to the stomatologic status the most often found anomalies of separate teeth taking into account gender and age are given in article.

The article continues series of publications devoted to the process of development of professional standard «A doctor – forensic medical expert». Detailed information on the final stage of this process – coordination and professional discussion as well as the editions of the initial text of the project – is provided.

The article is focused on examination of intramuscular hemorrhages in skeletal muscles in different types of death, analysis of its localization, incidence, mechanisms of development, biochemical evaluation of intramuscular blood after hemorrhage and role of hemorrhage in daily practice of forensic pathologists. This article doesn’t study hemorrhage after local blunt trauma with injury of skin, subcutaneous fatty tissue and skeletal muscles.

The article refers to intimal damage the internal carotid artery, arising in the conditions of traffic injuries in a car passenger in the so-called «whiplash» injury.

«When the DNA is not enough» – an issue that becoming popular among forensic biologists [1]. The reasons for that are methods of tissue typing, that have limited accuracy and gradually becoming obsolete. The purpose of this review is to discuss the integration of new mRNA markers to the routine genetic forensic practice. The review discusses possibilities of utilizing the developed mRNA biomarkers for tissue typing as well as the approaches of combining gene expression analyses with standard sample workflow in forensic and criminal laboratories. Based on data obtained by the foreign researches, new mRNA markers are quite compatible with classical protocols, including PCR and capillary electrophoresis, increase the specificity of immunological methods and do not require rejection of their use. In the near future we can expect commercially developed tissue specific and multiplex assays at markets abroad. Although population diversity of genetic expression does not allow to create a universal multiplex panel, nevertheless the existing tissue mRNA panel can be enriched by the national features.

CYCLES OF THE DEPARTMENT FORENSIC MEDICINE “MOSCOW REGIONAL RESEARCH CLINICAL INSTITUTE NAMED BY M.F. VLADIMIRSKIY” FOR 2017