ESTABLISHING A GENETIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A SURROGATE MOTHER AND A CHILD DURING THE RESEARCH OF A HISTOLOGICAL BLOCKS OF THE PLACENTA

The relevance of this article is related to the availability of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and the growing demand for this type of medical services, as well as the demand for their provision, taking into account the legal aspect in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The purpose of this research is to study and apply modern possibilities for establishing a genetic relationship between a surrogate mother and a baby born to her, provided that comparison samples of definite women and newborns, as well as a histological paraffin block with placental tissues from the particular births, are used as the test material.

Paraffin blocks and histological sections of placentas, comparative samples of buccal epithelium and blood were used in the production of the three described situations. Microscopic examination of histological sections was carried out in order to determine parts of the placentas.

To identify the DNA of the mother and child in the provided biological objects, as well as for comparative analysis, molecular genetic research methods were used: extraction and detection of DNA concentration, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in real time, electrophoretic fractionation of PCR products and their analysis.

As a result of the research, the location of the maternal and fetal parts of the placentas in histological blocks was determined, they were labeled; genetic profiles were obtained from blood samples of children and buccal epithelium samples of surrogate mothers, as well as DNA profiles of the placenta’s parts.

The comparative analysis showed that in one of the three cases under consideration, a discrepancy was found between the genetic profile of the child's blood sample and the genotype of the fetal part of the placenta. While in two other cases the identity of similar profiles under study was established.

This research highlights the importance of using placental tissue to avoid erroneous conclusions in establishing kinship with a surrogate mother, allowing the expert to confirm that a definite baby was born to a given surrogate mother in the particular births.