肋骨骨折肋间隙软组织出血形态特征的法医鉴定

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详细

论证。实际观察表明,肋骨骨折出血有一个特点:在检查的细胞浸润物中经常发现未成熟的细胞形态。在不明显的情况下,当需要确定受伤时间时,这种多形性细胞浸润物可能会被误认为是创伤后炎症反应的结果,从而影响对受伤时间的评估。

该研究的目的是调查肋骨骨折出血区域细胞浸润物的组成,同时考虑到不同死因的受害者在受伤后不同时期的形态特征。

材料与方法。我们对案例进行了回顾性分析,并对自己观察到的不同年龄和性别组别、不同死亡原因、但有胸部损伤(包括孤立性胸部创伤)病史数据的人员的死亡结果进行了分析,并将其转交给法医组织学检查。研究样本在转介文件中指定的病例摘要中的病史数据的基础上按照条件时间间隔划分为主要研究组(“当场死亡者”;“因抢救措施导致的胸部受伤”;“存活时间不超过 6 小时的受害者”;“存活时间不超过 12 小时的受害者”;“存活时间不超过 24 小时的受害者”)。为了进行比较,我们选择了对骨盆骨折、颅骨骨折、胸部刺伤软组织出血的法医(组织学)鉴定案例。比较样本还包括男女、不同年龄组、不同死因的人在创伤后不同时期的死亡结果案例,并从中形成与主要研究类似的分组。

结果。研究发现了,在大部分事故现场死亡者的肋间隙软组织出血案例中,可以发现未成熟的细胞形态,而且随着时间的推移会逐渐消失。对所有对比组软组织出血的形态学研究和分析表明了,其他部位的创伤性出血中不存在未成熟细胞形态。

结论。多形性细胞浸润物和肋间软组织出血中的未成熟细胞形态不是创伤后的反应性过程,因此不能用于评估受伤时间。事实证明,出血区域中未成熟细胞形态的保存会随着时间的推移而发生变化,12 小时后会逐渐消失。

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作者简介

Olga O. Frolova

Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute; Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: olga.frolog@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0785-6819
俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; Moscow

Aleksandr V. Maksimov

Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute; State University of Education

Email: mcsim2002@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1936-4448
SPIN 代码: 3134-8457

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow; Moscow

Oleg V. Lysenko

Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute

Email: lysenkooleg1@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1802-2331
SPIN 代码: 2396-6072

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

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2. Fig. 1. Distribution of victims by categories of causes of death within study groups, n.

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3. Fig. 2. Groups and subgroups of control cases.

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4. Fig. 3. Analysis of the composition of the cellular infiltrate in hemorrhages in the soft tissues of the intercostal space, n (number of cases with the presence of immature cellular forms in the hemorrhage, in the study groups).

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5. Fig. 4. Soft tissues of intercostal spaces with hemorrhage (hematoxylin-eosin staining, ×40). A significant number of immature cell forms in the hemorrhage area creates the impression of pronounced inflammatory cell infiltration.

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6. Fig. 5. Qualitative assessment of the infiltrate and cell composition in hemorrhages in the soft tissues of the intercostal space, taking into account the presence of immature cellular forms.

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7. Fig. 6. Microscopic picture of transverse rib section (hematoxylin-eosin staining, ×4).

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8. Fig. 7. Microscopic picture of transverse section of skull bone (hematoxylin-eosin staining, ×4).

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9. Fig. 8. Microscopic picture of a cross section of a skull bone (hematoxylin-eosin staining, ×4).

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