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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Судебная медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2411-8729</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-4161</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16255</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/fm16255</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original study articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>原创研究</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparative analysis of fatal methadone poisonings in chemical-toxicological and forensic chemical studies in St. Petersburg for 2020-2022</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительный анализ летальных отравлений метадоном при химико-токсикологических и судебно-химических исследованиях в Санкт-Петербурге за 2020-2022гг</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title/></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3863-3602</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Varioshkin</surname><given-names>Pavel</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вариошкин</surname><given-names>Павел Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>научный сотрудник</p></bio><email>zonner17@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3132-8522</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5122-0242</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>Semyon</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Семён Валерьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>Nachsml@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4343-4656</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7439-0540</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Molin</surname><given-names>Yuri A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молин</surname><given-names>Юрий Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Molin</surname><given-names>Yuri A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor</p></bio><email>juri.molin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4472-6546</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5828-0337</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Reinuk</surname><given-names>Vladimir L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рейнюк</surname><given-names>Владимир Леонидович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Reinuk</surname><given-names>Vladimir L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><email>institute@toxicology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8672-2906</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4886-8890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lodyagin</surname><given-names>Aleksei N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лодягин</surname><given-names>Алексей Николаевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Lodyagin</surname><given-names>Aleksei N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>alodyagin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6368-680X</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5101-9477</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukovnikova</surname><given-names>Lyubov</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луковникова</surname><given-names>Любовь Владимировна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед,наук, профессор</p></bio><email>lukovnikova.l.v@toxicology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6285-1132</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9812-4780</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyatibrat</surname><given-names>Aleksandr</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пятибрат</surname><given-names>Александр Олегович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname></surname><given-names></given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>a5brat@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2693-6283</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9446-5175</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Batotsyrenov</surname><given-names>Chimit B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батоцыренов</surname><given-names>Чимит Баирович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Batotsyrenov</surname><given-names>Chimit B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>steelfire282@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">the S.N. Golikov Scientific Research Center of the FMBA of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НКЦТ им. С.Н. Голикова ФМБА России»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S.N. Golikov Scientific Research Center of the FMBA of Russia / department of extreme medicine, traumatology, orthopedics and military field surgery of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «SPbGPMU of the Russian ministry of health»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НКЦТ им. С.Н. Голикова ФМБА России» / кафедра экстремальной медицины, травматологии, ортопедии и военно-полевой хирургии ФГБОУ ВО «СПбГПМУ Минздрава России»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">.N. Golikov Scientific Research Center of the FMBA of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НКЦТ им. С.Н. Голикова ФМБА России»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg Institute of Emergency Care n.a. I.I. Dzhanelidze</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи имени И.И. Джанелидзе</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">S.N. Golikov Scientific Research Center of the FMBA of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «НКЦТ им. С.Н. Голикова ФМБА России»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff7"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">department of extreme medicine, traumatology, orthopedics and military field surgery of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «SPbGPMU of the Russian ministry of health» / The S.N. Golikov Scientific Research Center of the FMBA of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">кафедра экстремальной медицины, травматологии, ортопедии и военно-полевой хирургии ФГБОУ ВО «СПбГПМУ Минздрава России» /  ФГБУ «НКЦТ им. С.Н. Голикова ФМБА России»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff8"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">the S.N. Golikov Scientific Research Center of the FMBA of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-клинический центр токсикологии имени академика С.Н. Голикова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-03-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-05"><day>05</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-02-16"><day>16</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; , Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; , Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-03-23"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://for-medex.ru/jour/article/view/16255">https://for-medex.ru/jour/article/view/16255</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article provides a comparative analysis and assessment of the results of methadone detection based on retrospective data from chemical-toxicological and forensic chemical studies conducted at the State Budgetary Institution of St. Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Medicine named after I.I. Dzhanelidze and at the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Healthcare Institution "Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination" for the period 2020-2022. Controversial aspects of the conducted studies were identified, as well as the lack of a unified approach to determining methadone in acute poisoning before and after the patient’s death.</p> <p>Additionally, the article shows the shortcomings in conducting chemical-toxicological and forensic chemical studies, highlights the problem of the inadmissibility of a superficial approach to their work, and suggests ways to eliminate existing shortcomings.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье приведен сравнительный анализ и оценка результатов обнаружения метадона по ретроспективным данным химико-токсикологических и судебно-химических исследований, проведенных соответственно в ГБУ СПб НИИ СП им. И.И. Джанелидзе и в СПб ГБУЗ «Бюро судебно-медицинской экспертизы» за период 2020-2022 гг. Выявлены спорные моменты выполненных исследований, отсутствие единого подхода к определению метадона при острых отравлениях до и после смерти пациента.</p> <p>Дополнительно показаны упущения в проведении химико-токсикологических и судебно-химических исследований, освещена проблема недопустимости поверхностного подхода в ходе их выполнения, предложены пути устранения имеющихся недоработок.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p> </p> <p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>forensic chemical investigation, toxicology, acute poisoning, chemical-toxicological examination, immunochromatographic analysis, methadone</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>судебно-химическое исследование, токсикология, острые отравления, химико-токсикологическое исследование, иммуно-хроматографический анализ, метадон</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Illarionova E.A., Syrovatsky I.P. 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