<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Судебная медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2411-8729</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-4161</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">16102</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/fm16102</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>科学评论</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Criminalistic aspects of torture using an artificial intelligence system: a review</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Криминалистические аспекты пыток посредством использования системы искусственного интеллекта: научный обзор</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>利用人工智能实施刑讯的法医学方面：科学综述</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8680-156X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chonbayev</surname><given-names>Yerbol G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чонбаев</surname><given-names>Ербол Галымович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Chonbayev</surname><given-names>Yerbol G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><email>erbolchonbaev@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6659-8576</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1929-3392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Begaliyev</surname><given-names>Yernar N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бегалиев</surname><given-names>Ернар Нурланович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Begaliyev</surname><given-names>Yernar N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Legal), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р юр. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Dr. Sci. (Legal), Professor</p></bio><email>ernar-begaliev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4634-8363</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuanaliyeva</surname><given-names>Guldana A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куаналиева</surname><given-names>Гульдана Амангельдиевна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Kuanaliyeva</surname><given-names>Guldana A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Legal), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р юр. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Dr. Sci. (Legal), Professor</p></bio><email>kuanalieva.guldanakz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8760-9913</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">4888-0942</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Imashev</surname><given-names>Berik M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имашев</surname><given-names>Берик Мажитович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Imashev</surname><given-names>Berik M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Legal)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. юр. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Cand. Sci. (Legal)</p></bio><email>berikmazhitovich@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6856-8767</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">1265-1521</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Avgustkhan</surname><given-names>Syrym A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Августхан</surname><given-names>Сырым Августханулы</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Avgustkhan</surname><given-names>Syrym A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="KZ">Kazakhstan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Legal)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р юр. наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>Dr. Sci. (Legal)</p></bio><email>syrym_077@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Academy of Law Enforcement Agencies Under the General Prosecutors Office of the Republic of Kazakhstan</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Академия правоохранительных органов при Генеральной прокуратуре Республики Казахстан</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Academy of Law Enforcement Agencies Under the General Prosecutors Office of the Republic of Kazakhstan</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Al-Farabi Kazakh National University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Казахский национальный университет имени Аль-Фараби</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Al-Farabi Kazakh National University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Eurasian Center for Economic and Legal Studies of Narxoz University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Евразийский центр экономико-правовых исследований НАО «Университет Нархоз»</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Eurasian Center for Economic and Legal Studies of Narxoz University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-02-28" publication-format="electronic"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-03-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-11-29"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-12-12"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2024,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-03-19"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://for-medex.ru/jour/article/view/16102">https://for-medex.ru/jour/article/view/16102</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses the use of artificial intelligence to identify violations and deficiencies in forensic institutions and law enforcement agencies and chipping employees of criminal prosecution agencies to prevent illegal investigative methods, including torture.</p> <p>The legislation of foreign countries regulating the procedures for conducting medical research and investigating cases of torture is considered.</p> <p>Regarding obtaining high-quality materials for examining the scene of an accident and using their results during a forensic medical study, the authors proposed a modular kit for recording the results of an inspection of the scene (utility model patent dated August 4, 2023).</p> <p>This study proposed a procedure for using artificial intelligence to improve the quality of work of criminal prosecution bodies and forensic institutions. A SWOT analysis of the use of artificial intelligence to improve the quality of law enforcement agencies and forensic institutions was conducted. Based on the results, the positive and negative aspects of the use of artificial intelligence were determined.</p> <p>Based on the analysis of the national mechanism for conducting forensic research, proposals have been developed to improve the work of investigators and forensic experts.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье рассматриваются вопросы применения искусственного интеллекта в целях выявления нарушений и недостатков в деятельности судебно-экспертных учреждений и правоохранительных органов, а также вопросы чипирования сотрудников органов уголовного преследования с целью предотвращения применения недозволенных методов следствия, в том числе пыток. Рассмотрены законодательства зарубежных государств, регулирующие порядок проведения медицинских исследований и расследования дел о пытках.</p> <p>В части получения качественных материалов осмотра места происшествия и использования их результатов при проведении судебно-медицинского исследования авторами предложен патент «Модульный комплект для фиксации результатов осмотра места происшествия» (патент на полезную модель от 04.08.2023).</p> <p>Авторами предложен порядок применения искусственного интеллекта для повышения качества работы органов уголовного преследования и судебно-экспертных учреждений. Проведён SWOT-анализ применения искусственного интеллекта для повышения качества деятельности правоохранительных органов и судебно-экспертных учреждений. По результатам определены положительные и отрицательные стороны применения искусственного интеллекта.</p> <p>На основе анализа национального механизма проведения судебно-экспертных исследований сформулированы предложения по совершенствованию работы следователей и судебных экспертов.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>本文考虑利用人工智能以查明法医机构和执法机构活动中的违规行为和缺陷的问题及为防止使用未经授权的调查方法（包括刑讯）而对刑事调查人员进行芯片植入的问题。该文章还考虑了外国关于刑讯案件医学检查和调查程序的立法。</p> <p>为了获得高质量的现场检查材料并将其结果被用于法医学鉴定，作者提出了一项专利《用于记下现场检查结果的模块化套件》（2023年8月4日的实用新型专利）。</p> <p>作者提出了利用人工智能提高刑事诉讼机构和法医机构工作质量的程序，对其进行了SWOT分析。根据分析结果，作者确定了利用人工智能的优缺点。</p> <p>在分析国家法医学鉴定机制的基础上，作者提出了改进调查员和法医专家工作的建议。</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>prohibited methods</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>international standards</kwd><kwd>weapons</kwd><kwd>torture</kwd><kwd>injury</kwd><kwd>abrasions</kwd><kwd>forensic medicine</kwd><kwd>employees</kwd><kwd>chipping</kwd><kwd>expertise</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>запрещённые методы</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>международные стандарты</kwd><kwd>оружие</kwd><kwd>пытки</kwd><kwd>ранение</kwd><kwd>ссадины</kwd><kwd>судебная медицина</kwd><kwd>сотрудники</kwd><kwd>чипирование</kwd><kwd>экспертиза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>违禁方法</kwd><kwd>人工智能</kwd><kwd>国际标准</kwd><kwd>武器</kwd><kwd>刑讯</kwd><kwd>外伤</kwd><kwd>擦伤</kwd><kwd>法医学</kwd><kwd>雇员</kwd><kwd>芯片植入</kwd><kwd>鉴定</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared as part of the implementation of a scientific project of grant funding for scientific and (or) scientific and technical projects for 2023–2025 of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, AР19676297 "Measures to counter the commission of certain types of offenses through chipping of certain categories of persons".</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках реализации научного проекта грантового финансирования по научным и (или) научно-техническим проектам на 2023–2025 годы Министерства науки и высшего образования Республики Казахстан, АР19676297 «Меры противодействия совершению некоторых видов правонарушений посредством чипирования отдельных категорий лиц».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="zh">The article was prepared as part of the implementation of a scientific project of grant funding for scientific and (or) scientific and technical projects for 2023–2025 of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, AР19676297 "Measures to counter the commission of certain types of offenses through chipping of certain categories of persons".</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gurochkin YD, Viter VI. Forensic medicine: A course of lectures. Moscow: Pravo i zakon; 2003. 319 р. (In Russ).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гурочкин Ю.Д., Витер В.И. Судебная медицина: курс лекций. Москва: Право и закон, 2003. 319 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="zh">Gurochkin YD, Viter VI. Forensic medicine: A course of lectures. Moscow: Pravo i zakon; 2003. 319 р. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Orakbayev AB, Kurmangali ZhK, Begaliyev YeN, et al. On the issue of using the results of a virtual autopsy in criminal investigation: A review. Russ J Forensic Med. 2023;9(2):183-192. EDN: OEERGD doi: 10.17816/fm774</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Оракбаев А.Б., Курмангали Ж.К., Бегалиев Е.Н., и др. К вопросу об использовании результатов виртуальной аутопсии (виртопсии) в ходе расследования преступлений: научный обзор // Судебная медицина. 2023. Т. 9, № 2. С. 183-192. EDN: OEERGD doi: 10.17816/fm774</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="zh">Orakbayev AB, Kurmangali ZhK, Begaliyev YeN, et al. On the issue of using the results of a virtual autopsy in criminal investigation: A review. Russ J Forensic Med. 2023;9(2):183-192. EDN: OEERGD doi: 10.17816/fm774</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tursunov AB, Galitsky FA, Begaliev EN, et al. Forensic and forensic aspects of childhood traumatism as a result of domestic injuries and traffic accidents: A review. Russ J Forensic Med. 2023;9(3):299-308. EDN: ORUBFH doi: 10.17816/fm12389</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Турсунов А.Б., Галицкий Ф.А., Бегалиев Е.Н., и др. Криминалистические и судебно-экспертные аспекты детского травматизма в результате бытовых травм и дорожно-транспортных происшествий: научный обзор // Судебная медицина. 2023. Т. 9, № 3. С. 299-308. EDN: ORUBFH doi: 10.17816/fm12389</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="zh">Tursunov AB, Galitsky FA, Begaliev EN, et al. Forensic and forensic aspects of childhood traumatism as a result of domestic injuries and traffic accidents: A review. Russ J Forensic Med. 2023;9(3):299-308. EDN: ORUBFH doi: 10.17816/fm12389</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voevodkin DV, Rustemova GR, Begaliev EN, et al. Identifying fake conclusions of forensic medical examinations using an artificial intelligence technology based on the experience in the Republic of Kazakhstan: A review. Russ J Forensic Med. 2023;9(3):287-298. EDN: EFNJIE doi: 10.17816/fm8270</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воеводкин Д.В., Рустемова Г.Р., Бегалиев Е.Н., и др. К вопросу выявления поддельных заключений судебно-медицинских экспертиз посредством применения технологии искусственного интеллекта по опыту Республики Казахстан: научный обзор // Судебная медицина. 2023. Т. 9, № 3. С. 287-298. EDN: EFNJIE doi: 10.17816/fm8270</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="zh">Voevodkin DV, Rustemova GR, Begaliev EN, et al. Identifying fake conclusions of forensic medical examinations using an artificial intelligence technology based on the experience in the Republic of Kazakhstan: A review. Russ J Forensic Med. 2023;9(3):287-298. EDN: EFNJIE doi: 10.17816/fm8270</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list></back></article>
