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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Судебная медицина</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2411-8729</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2409-4161</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">15596</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/fm15596</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Historical articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Исторические статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="zh"><subject>历史文章</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">About teeth in forensic medicine: 120 years since G.I. Vilga defended Russia’s first doctoral dissertation on forensic dentistry</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>О зубах в судебно-медицинском отношении: 120 лет со дня защиты Г.И. Вильга первой в России докторской диссертации, посвящённой судебной стоматологии</trans-title></trans-title-group><trans-title-group xml:lang="zh"><trans-title>从法医学角度论牙齿：俄罗斯第一篇关于法医牙科学的G.I.Vilga博士论文答辩120周年</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9155-4006</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8953-7357</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pashkov</surname><given-names>Konstantin A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пашков</surname><given-names>Константин Анатольевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Pashkov</surname><given-names>Konstantin A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><email>historymed@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4236-4219</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2112-4568</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Barinov</surname><given-names>Evgeny Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баринов</surname><given-names>Евгений Христофорович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Barinov</surname><given-names>Evgeny Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="zh"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor</p></bio><email>ev.barinov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0914-9903</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">7631-4054</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bondar</surname><given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарь</surname><given-names>Владимир Александрович</given-names></name><name xml:lang="zh"><surname>Bondar</surname><given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>bondar.documents@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А.И. Евдокимова</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный научно-исследовательский институт общественного здоровья имени Н.А. Семашко</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2023-11-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><issue-title xml:lang="zh"/><fpage>465</fpage><lpage>472</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-10-16"><day>16</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-10-23"><day>23</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="zh">Copyright ©; 2023,</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2025-12-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://for-medex.ru/jour/article/view/15596">https://for-medex.ru/jour/article/view/15596</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>1923 marked the 120th anniversary of the defense of the doctoral dissertation “On Teeth in Forensic Medicine” by the outstanding Russian odontologist Gilyariy Ivanovich Vilga. The dissertation included an extensive review of foreign literature and the results of his research performed on 160 young healthy men (soldiers) using hand-made instruments.</p> <p>The work, performed at the junction of odontology and forensic medicine, was the first in Russia to analyze traumatic dental injuries (dislocations and fractures) from this point of view, describe methods of identification of a person by odontological status, methods of studying bite wounds, and approaches to forensic examination of dental and dental technique errors. For many years, this work remained the only manual for odontologists and forensic experts in Russia.</p> <p>Many provisions of the doctoral dissertation of G.I. Vilga “About teeth in forensic medical relation” have not lost their relevance even today; all this certainly allows us to consider G.I. Vilga as the founder of domestic forensic dentistry.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В 1923 году исполнилось 120 лет со дня защиты выдающимся отечественным одонтологом Гилярием Ивановичем Вильга докторской диссертации «О зубах в судебно-медицинском отношении». Диссертация включала обширный обзор зарубежной литературы и результаты собственных исследований, выполненных на 160 молодых здоровых мужчинах (солдатах) с использованием собственноручно созданных инструментов.</p> <p>В работе, выполненной на стыке одонтологии и судебной медицины, впервые в России были проанализированы с этой точки зрения травматические повреждения зубов (вывихи и переломы), описаны способы идентификации личности по одонтологическому статусу, методы изучения укушенных ран, подходы к судебно-медицинской экспертизе ошибок зубоврачевания и зубной техники. Эта работа долгие годы оставалась единственным в России руководством для одонтологов и судебных экспертов.</p> <p>В статье приведены сведения о жизни и творчестве Г.И. Вильги. Представлен анализ содержания докторской диссертации «О зубах в судебно-медицинском отношении».</p> <p>Многие положения докторской диссертации Г.И. Вильги «О зубах в судебно-медицинском отношении» не утратили актуальности и в наши дни, что, безусловно, позволяет считать учёного основоположником отечественной судебной стоматологии.</p></trans-abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="zh"><p>1923 marked the 120th anniversary of the defense of the doctoral dissertation “On Teeth in Forensic Medicine” by the outstanding Russian odontologist Gilyariy Ivanovich Vilga. The dissertation included an extensive review of foreign literature and the results of his research performed on 160 young healthy men (soldiers) using hand-made instruments.</p> <p>The work, performed at the junction of odontology and forensic medicine, was the first in Russia to analyze traumatic dental injuries (dislocations and fractures) from this point of view, describe methods of identification of a person by odontological status, methods of studying bite wounds, and approaches to forensic examination of dental and dental technique errors. For many years, this work remained the only manual for odontologists and forensic experts in Russia.</p> <p>Many provisions of the doctoral dissertation of G.I. Vilga “About teeth in forensic medical relation” have not lost their relevance even today; all this certainly allows us to consider G.I. Vilga as the founder of domestic forensic dentistry.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history of medicine</kwd><kwd>forensic dentistry</kwd><kwd>forensic medicine</kwd><kwd>dental and maxillofacial trauma</kwd><kwd>personal identification</kwd><kwd>G.I. Vilga</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история медицины</kwd><kwd>судебная стоматология</kwd><kwd>судебная медицина</kwd><kwd>травма зубочелюстного аппарата</kwd><kwd>идентификация личности</kwd><kwd>Г.И. Вильга</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="zh"><kwd>医学史</kwd><kwd>法医牙科学</kwd><kwd>法医学</kwd><kwd>牙体损伤</kwd><kwd>身份识别</kwd><kwd>G.I.Vilga</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pashkov KA, Barinov EKh, Borisenko KA, et al. G.I. Vilga: The founder of forensic dentistry in Russia. Moscow: Pechatnyi dom “Magistral”; 2019. 146 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пашков К.А., Баринов Е.Х., Борисенко К.А., и др. Г.И. Вильга ― основоположник судебной стоматологии в России. Москва: Печатный дом «Магистраль», 2019. 146 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="zh">Pashkov KA, Barinov EKh, Borisenko KA, et al. G.I. Vilga: The founder of forensic dentistry in Russia. Moscow: Pechatnyi dom “Magistral”; 2019. 146 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vilga GI. O zubakh v sudebno-meditsinskom otnoshenii [dissertation]. Moscow: Tipografiya G. Lissnera i A. Geshelya; 1903. 287 р. (In Russ).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вильга Г.И. О зубах в судебно-медицинском отношении: Дис. на степ. д-ра мед. Москва: Тип. Г. Лисснера и А. Гешеля, 1903. 287 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="zh">Vilga GI. O zubakh v sudebno-meditsinskom otnoshenii [dissertation]. 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